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Administrative data

Workers - Hazard via inhalation route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
1.33 mg/m³
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
DNEL related information
Overall assessment factor (AF):
12.5
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEC
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
3.174 mg/m³
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
DNEL related information
Overall assessment factor (AF):
12.5
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEC

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no-threshold effect and/or no dose-response information available
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no-threshold effect and/or no dose-response information available
DNEL related information

Workers - Hazard via dermal route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
114 mg/kg bw/day
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
DNEL related information
Overall assessment factor (AF):
17.5
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
6.933 mg/kg bw/day
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
DNEL related information
Overall assessment factor (AF):
30
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no-threshold effect and/or no dose-response information available
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no-threshold effect and/or no dose-response information available

Workers - Hazard for the eyes

Additional information - workers

The short-term dermal DNEL for systemic effects is based on a 21-day dermal study in rabbits with ziram (corrected systemic NOAEL = 208 mg KDDC/kg bw/day).

The short-term inhalation DNEL for systemic effects is based on the 90 -day oral study in rats with SDDC (NOAEL = 24.4 mg/kg bw/day). The starting point was corrected using the 10 m³ breathing volume per 8-h shift with light physical activity.

No quantitative dose-response data are available for local effects on skin and respiratory tract.

 

The long-term dermal DNEL for systemic effects is based on the one-year feeding study in dogs (corrected NOAEL = 3.6 mg SDDC/kg bw/day). The NOAEL was corrected with the assumed dermal absorption value of 0.1%, whereas oral absorption is 60% (in rats).

The long-term inhalation DNEL for systemic effects is based on the one-year feeding study in dogs (corrected NOAEL = 3.33 mg KDDC/kg bw/day).

The starting point was corrected using an assumed breathing volume of 0.134 m³/kg bw/8 h for a 15-kg dog. A 10 m³ breathing volume per 8-h shift with light physical activity is assumed for the worker.

 

General Population - Hazard via inhalation route

Systemic effects

Acute/short term exposure
DNEL related information

Local effects

Acute/short term exposure
DNEL related information

General Population - Hazard via dermal route

Systemic effects

Acute/short term exposure
DNEL related information

General Population - Hazard via oral route

Systemic effects

Acute/short term exposure
DNEL related information

General Population - Hazard for the eyes

Additional information - General Population

The general population is not exposed to KDDC from its identified uses.