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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.

The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.

Diss Factsheets

Toxicological information

Additional toxicological data

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Administrative data

Endpoint:
additional toxicological information
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Well conducted study, meeting generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment.

Data source

Referenceopen allclose all

Reference Type:
publication
Title:
Activation of guanylate cyclase from rat liver and other tissues by sodium azide
Author:
Kimura H, Mittal CK, Murad F.
Year:
1975
Bibliographic source:
PMID: 240848, J Biol Chem. 250(20):8016-22
Reference Type:
review article or handbook
Title:
Unnamed
Year:
1981

Materials and methods

Type of study / information:
Activation of soluble guanylate cyclase after in vitro incubation of rat liver homogenate with sodium azide.
Test guideline
Qualifier:
no guideline available
GLP compliance:
no

Test material

Constituent 1
Chemical structure
Reference substance name:
Sodium azide
EC Number:
247-852-1
EC Name:
Sodium azide
Cas Number:
26628-22-8
Molecular formula:
N3Na
IUPAC Name:
sodium azide

Results and discussion

Any other information on results incl. tables

When soluble guanylate cyclase of liver homogenates was assayed with 1 mM sodium azide the reaction rate increased rapidly after a lag phase of about 8 min.

The effect of sodium azide was dependent upon its concentration between 0.01 and 0.25 mM. Less than 0.01 mM sodium azide had no effect with 5 or 10 min of preincubation. The concentration of sodium azide that produced half-maximal activation decreased with preincubation and was 0.04 mM with 10 min of preincubation.

The apparent Kmfor GTP with native soluble guanylate cyclase from rat liver was 35.3 ± 0.9 µM. After activation with 1 mM sodium azide the apparent Kmfor GTP was 113 ± 16 µM. Thus, sodium azide increased both maximal velocity and the Kmfor GTP.

Sodium azide (1 mM) also increased the activity of particulate guanylate cyclase from liver severalfold. Soluble and particulate enzyme from kidney were increased 13.1- and 6.4-fold, respectively. The largest effects of sodium azide were observed with particulate enzyme from cerebral cortex and cerebellum where about 60- and 19-fold stimulation was observed. However, in some experiments with cerebral cortex the sodium azide effect was only 10- to 20-fold. Soluble enzyme from cerebral cortex and cerebellum was not activated, nor were preparations from lung, heart, spleen, and small intestinal smooth muscle and mucosa.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Executive summary:

Recent reports suggest that guanosine 3’:5’-monophosphate may act as a regulator of some biological processes. Sodium azide at concentration of 1 mM increased the activity of soluble guanylate cyclase from rat liver. The increased accumulation of guanosine 3':5'-monophosphate in reaction mixtures with sodium azide was not due to altered levels of substrate, GTP, or altered hydrolysis of guanosine 3':5'-monophosphate by cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase. The activation of guanylate cyclase was dependent upon sodium azide concentration and temperature.

The concentration of sodium azide that resulted in half-maximal activation was 0.04 mM. Sodium azide increased the apparent Km for GTP from 35 to 113 µM.

The particulate enzyme from cerebral cortex and cerebellum was also activated with sodium azide, whereas the soluble enzyme from these tissues was not. Little or no effect of sodium azide was observed with preparations from lung, heart, and several other tissues. The activation of guanylate cyclase by sodium azide is complex and may be the result of the nucleophilic agent acting on the enzyme directly or what may be more likely on some other factor in liver preparations.